World records tumble and endurance athletes crumble in the high altitude of Mexico City.

The high altitude (2,300m) led to world records in all of the men's races that were 400m or shorter, plus the long jump and triple jump. Probably the most memorable achievement was Bob Beamon's spectacular long jump of 8.90m - a world record that would last for 22 years.

Mexican hurdler Enriqueta Basilio became the first woman to light the cauldron at the Opening Ceremony. Wyomia Tyus of the US became the first athlete to win the 100m twice. Dick Fosbury won the men's high jump with a new jumping style now known as the "Fosbury Flop", and for the first time winners had to undergo a doping test.

National Olympic Committees: 112
Athletes: 5,516
Events: 172 less